Search results for "Spoken word"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
“With a little help from my friends”: Orthographic influences in spoken word recognition
2013
Resume Dans la presente etude, une tâche de decision lexicale auditive a ete utilisee avec des mots consistants (dans la direction phonie-graphie) ayant beaucoup, ou au contraire, peu « d’amis » au sein de leur voisinage phonologique. Les mots ayant beaucoup d’amis ont conduit a des temps de decision de lexicalite plus courts que ceux en ayant peu. Ce resultat est en accord avec l’hypothese selon laquelle l’orthographe faconne la perception des mots entendus du fait d’une restructuration des representations phonologiques par les connaissances orthographiques.
Spoken word recognition with gender-marked context.
2006
In a cross-modal (auditory-visual) fragment priming study in French, we tested the hypothesis that gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine or unefeminine) is used early in the recognition of the following word to discard gender-incongruent competitors. In four experiments, we compared lexical decision performances on targets primed by phonological information only (e.g. /kRa/-CRAPAUD /kRapo/; /to/-TOAD) or by phonological plus gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine /kra/-CRAPAUD; a /to/-TOAD). In all experiments, we found a phonological priming effect that was not modulated by the presence of gender context, whether gender-marked …
Concrete/Visual Poetry
2011
Making Mathematics in an Oral Culture: Göttingen in the Era of Klein and Hilbert
2004
This essay takes a close look at specially selected features of the Göttingen mathematical culture during the period 1895–1920. Drawing heavily on personal accounts and archival resources, it describes the changing roles played by Felix Klein and David Hilbert, as Göttingen's two senior mathematicians, within a fast-growing community that attracted an impressive number of young talents. Within the course of these twenty-five years Göttingen exerted a profound impact on mathematics and physics throughout the world. Many factors contributed to the creation of a special atmosphere that served as a model for several other important centers for mathematical research. Göttingen exemplified a dyna…
Kotimaisen 2010-luvun lavarunouden kentillä ja laidoilla : havainnointeja lavarunouden teoriasta, arvoista ja keinoista
2014
Kotimainen lavarunous elää 2010-luvulla vahvimmin Poetry slam -kilpailuissa, Helsinki Poetry Connection -runoryhmittymän toiminnassa ja tapahtumissa sekä runoiltojen open mic -osuuksissa. Lavarunous on omien runojen esittämistä esiintymiskonteksti huomioon ottaen ja siihen panostaen, mikä erottaa lavarunouden oleellisesti runonlausunnasta ja -luennasta. Lavarunoudella on erittäin vahvat yhteydet musiikkiin, stand-up–komiikkaan ja rap-lyriikkaan. Tässä kirjallisuuden pro gradu -työssä tarkastelen suomalaisen tämänhetkisen lavarunouden historiaa, estetiikkaa ja poetiikkaa. Pyrin määrittelemään lavarunouden käsitettä Julia Novakin ja Susan B. A. Somers-Willettin teorioihin ja määritelmiin peil…
Interaction in Spoken Word Recognition Models: Feedback Helps
2018
Human perception, cognition, and action requires fast integration of bottom-up signals with top-down knowledge and context. A key theoretical perspective in cognitive science is the interactive activation hypothesis: forward and backward flow in bidirectionally connected neural networks allows humans and other biological systems to approximate optimal integration of bottom-up and top-down information under real-world constraints. An alternative view is that online feedback is neither necessary nor helpful; purely feed forward alternatives can be constructed for any feedback system, and online feedback could not improve processing and would preclude veridical perception. In the domain of spo…
Spoken Word Production
2018
This chapter examines two distinct stages of the production of spoken words: the retrieval of semantic and lexical representations, followed by morphological and phonological processing. In both cases, it summarizes models of lexical representation and lexical selection that have focused on the retrieval of single words. These models agree that different lexical information becomes available at different points in time, with access to semantic and syntactic information preceding access to information about lexical form. The structure of this review reflects this dichotomy. Comprehensive production models must also account for the sequencing and timing of lexical processing in multiword utte…
2021
Abstract Developmental dyslexia is a specific learning disorder with impairments in reading and spelling acquisition. Apart from literacy problems, dyslexics show inefficient speech encoding and deficient novel word learning, with underlying problems in phonological processing and learning. These problems have been suggested to be related to deficient specialization of the left hemisphere for language processing. To examine this possibility, we tracked with magnetoencephalography (MEG) the activation of the bilateral temporal cortices during formation of neural memory traces for new spoken word forms in 7–8-year-old children with high familial dyslexia risk and in controls. The at-risk chil…
Non solo Platone. Il primato dell'oralità nel retore Alcidamante
2020
Il saggio è dedicato all’orazione Sugli autori dei discorsi scritti o sui sofisti, attribuita al retore Alcidamante, discepolo di Gorgia e attivo in Atene tra il 410 e il 365 a.C. Argomento dell’orazione è il serrato confronto tra due differenti modalità oratorie, l’autoschediazein (“parlare a braccio”) — cui Alcidamente accorda una netta superiorità — e il "gegrammena legein (“pronunciare discorsi scritti”). L’interesse di questo testo (databile con buona approssimazione intorno al 390 a. C) consiste essenzialmente nel rappresentare un punto di vista specificamente retorico sulla questione delle differenze tra scritto e parlato. Nonostante alcune significative convergenze con il ben più ce…
Tracking Changes in Frontal Lobe Hemodynamic Response in Individual Adults With Developmental Language Disorder Following HD tDCS Enhanced Phonologic…
2020
Background: Current research suggests a neurobiological marker of developmental language disorder (DLD) in adolescents and young adults may be an atypical neural profile coupled with behavioral performance that overlaps with that of normal controls. Although many imaging techniques are not suitable for the study of speech and language processing in DLD populations, fNIRS may be a viable option. In this study we asked if fNIRS can be used to identify atypical cortical activation patterns in individual adults with DLD and track potential changes in cortical activation patterns following a phonological working memory training protocol enhanced with anodal HD tDCS stimulation to the presuppleme…